Socio-cultural Assessment - 1369 Words

Socio-cultural assessment is realising and understanding the way a child responds to challenges and change. Their responses and perceptions are based on the world in which they live. Their understanding of the world comes from the values and beliefs of the adults, community, socio-economic status, education and culture that surround them. (Mooney, 2000). When making an assessment on an individual child it is necessary to consider the background and culture in which they exist. Berger (2005), states that human development results from dynamic interactions between developing persons and their surrounding society and culture. (p.45). Every child is influenced by their own individual socio-cultural and historical environments. Infants are†¦show more content†¦(Berger, 2005). The teacher s role within the socio-cultural framework is to support the learner by providing content that is neither too simple nor too hard for them to attempt. In this way, the learner is elevated from their current level to a higher level of understanding and cognitive development through scaffolding.Show MoreRelatedInternalized Oppression And Implications Of Client Characteristics877 Words   |  4 PagesInternalized oppression and Implications of Client Characteristics Due to various socio-cultural factors that impede First Nations/Native Americans’ usage of mental health programs and services, their particular needs and characteristics will influence the way assessments, goal setting, and interventions will be utilized when working with a First Nations client. For example, Grayshield, et al., (2015), discuss the historical trauma that Native Americans/First Nations populations have experiencedRead MoreAssessment in the Ece Curriculum1250 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment in the ECE curriculum Institution: Privately run preschool in Singapore Fictional child: Sara Background: Age: 3 year old girl, Nationality: Indian origin. Has a twin in the same class. Interest: At this point in time this child is particularly interested in growing plants. We have observed her using a learning story. This is our first time using this particular assessment tool. Traditionally in our pre-school we have used a range of assessment tools for eg: checklist, workRead MoreContexts Dependent Approach For Participation818 Words   |  4 Pagesbe supportive to participants, well planned and focused on negotiable issues. These principles are more critical when dealing with the local communities in which the major projects would take place, as it will impact their livelihoods and their socio-cultural circumstances. Therefore, the participation of local communities during EIA should take into account their local values beyond the factual evidence (Bond et al. 2004, p.622). Engaging local communities in EIA must be context-oriented, open andRead MoreUnderstanding Of Socio Cultural Competencies1583 Words   |  7 PagesName Name of the Institute Table of Contents Introduction 3 Analysis 3 Understanding of socio-cultural competencies 4 How professional managers can develop and use cultural competencies 5 What these competencies help professional managers to achieve 7 Conclusion 7 References 9 â€Æ' Introduction There was a time when organizations used to operate only in domestic market. That was the time when socio-cultural competencies were not necessity skills for managers. With time organizations have expandedRead MoreHolistic Nursing Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesHolistic assessments in nursing provide a unique quality of care to the individual patient. Holism in the provision of care includes assessments obtaining data about the physiological, psychological, sociological, spiritual, developmental, cultural and environmental aspects. It is imperative that the nurse conducting these assessments adopts methods in the nursing process that reflects the standards outlined in Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council National Competency Standards for the RegisteredRead MoreEssay on The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders1200 Words   |  5 PagesThe ability to still classify homosexuality as a mental disorder supports the bias and religious prejudice of some therapists ( Zur and Nordmarken, 2010). Bias has also been a factor with cultural and ethnic groups. People might expect there to be a certain level of variation in the diagnosis and assessment of disorders among different cultures and ethnic groups. However, there is a great degree of bias in how different groups are assessed and diagnosed. For example, forensic clinicians tendRead MoreHow The Group Can Be Formed For Group Work1422 Words   |  6 Pagesthese or group work is planned just for the sake of it. Part E Assessment is undertaken to gain an understanding on what a child knows prior to learning the content, how they are progressing throughout the lesson and how they have understood the content being taught. These are broken down into three types of assessment; diagnostic assessment, formative assessment and summative assessment. 1. Diagnostic assessment – Diagnostic assessment is used to determine the student’s level of knowledge and abilityRead MoreEducation, Change, and Society1305 Words   |  6 PagesEDUCATION, CHANGE AND SOCIETY ASSIGNMENT 2 – ESSAY Success, achievement and participation at school are not simply a matter of intelligence or ability. Discuss this statement with reference to the concepts of cultural capital, hidden curriculum, class and socioeconomic status. Since the beginning of education there have been many forms, which have been passed on from one generation to the next. Over the years education has evolved and is now seen as the education system all over the world. Read MoreAfter reviewing the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government’s planning guidelines1300 Words   |  6 PagesAfter reviewing the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government’s planning guidelines for Landscape Character Assessments (LCA) it is clear the intentions of these documents. These guidelines give a template for the production of cohesive reports that include the input of professionals and non-professionals alike. These reports are focused around the landscape and encourage communal guidance for landowners, county councils and even ordinary interested parties. LCA’s give a comprehensiveRead MoreFactors That Affect The Behavior Chain1073 Words   |  5 Pagesand capabilities need to be considered at all times during the task analysis. Often clients have cognitive, physical, and motoric abilities that can interfere with their learning. The therapist would determine the clients level of function during assessment and when developing the task analysis. Task analysis must stay within the client’s cognitive ability. Furthermore, it may be necessary to re-evaluate the task analysis if the client is able to chain the behavior sequence correctly. Setting and

Essay on What is useful in Freuds theory of dreams

 « The interpretation of dreams is the royal road to a knowledge of the unconscious activities of the mind  ».1 While Freud already used hypnosis and free association with his patients, he soon felt the need to include the interpretation of dreams in psychoanalysis as well. Freud decided he would developped his theory of dreams to go further in his analysis. According to Freud, dreams allow unconscious desires, fears or emotions to express themselves in a disguised way. Dreams are an expression of wish fulfilment communicating through symbols. Throughout this essay, we will ask ourselves how dreams and their interpretation can be useful to psychoanalysis. Why pay attention to night unconsciousness to go deeper in the analysis? How and why†¦show more content†¦When our body gets too tired of receiving and responding to external stimuli w go to be to escape external sensations affecting us.  « Sleep is a state in which I want to know nothing of the external world  ».4 We close curtains, turn off the light, withdraw to a silent and empty room, hide under sheets to no longer hear, feel nor see : we disconnect from reality.  « Our relation to the world, into which we have come so 1 FREUD, Sigmund, The Interpretation of Dreams, translated by A.A. Brill in 1911, Plain Label Books, (Chumley P. Grumley:1913) 2 FREUD, Sigmund, Sur le Rà ªve, (Gallimard Paris : 1998) p 46-47 3 FREUD, Sigmund, 1. Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis, translated by James Strachey, (Penguin Books : 1991), p 116 4 FREUD, Sigmund, 1. Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis, translated by James Strachey, (Penguin Books : 1991), p 117 unwillingly, seems to involve our not being able to tolerate it uninterruptedly  ». 5A total detachment from stimuli seems impossible because if such a condition existed, the sleeper would never be waken up. We are never totally switched off ; in our sleep, we are reached by stimuli provoking our dreams. Dreaming is an intervention of  « mental life  »6 interrupting the sleeper in a disguised way. Dreams occur in a state which is between sleep – where no stimuli distract the sleeper – and waking. The best rest can be find in sleeping withoutShow MoreRelatedPsychology Freuds Theory on Dreams1420 Words   |  6 PagesFreud’s Theory on Dreams We as humans are an incredible species. We continue to evolve and create new inventions as time goes on. However, there are some very important tasks we must do on a daily basis if we are to do these extraordinary things at our best. Is has been proven that we all require sleep to function at our highest. There are many questions revolving around the huge topic of sleep; for instance why do we need it? What does sleep actually do for our brains and bodies? One thatRead MoreThe Theories Of Jung And Freud978 Words   |  4 Pagespsychologists dismiss the theories of Jung and Freud as unscientific, they are very well known and highly influential. Why do you think this is? Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud are two of the most well known psychologists due to both their contributions to psychology that are still relevant today and also the controversial nature of their work. Many psychologists believed that their work was not scientific and therefore not useful in psychology. For example, Freud’s theories are considered unfalsifiableRead MorePsychoanalytic Theory According to Freud and Adler1406 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Psychoanalytic Theory According to Freud and Adler Introduction The field of psychology has produced a variety of influential theories. The major schools of thought in the field have distinct philosophical and empirical foundations which have shaped their goals as well as their methods. Although no particular school of thought has given us an exhaustive understanding of human psychology, each has produced ideas that are useful for understanding particular areas of it. The modern period of psychologyRead MoreEssay on Inside the Head of Sigmund Freud1568 Words   |  7 Pagesremembrance as well in providing useful and technical information that will advance us in the future. Amongst these men lie Karl Marx, Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin, and Marie Curie. One name who is highly debated and criticized for his theories is neurologist Sigmund Freud. Arguments take place in order to prove Sigmund’s authenticity and the level of influence that he contributed. Sigismund Schlomo Freud was born May 6, 1856 in Moravia. Freud is highly known for his theories of the unconscious mindRead MoreAnalytical Essays On Analytical Psychology1115 Words   |  5 PagesRelation of the Ego to the Unconscious, which are 1928 revisions of previously written papers. Jung, who was Freud’s well-known disciple from 1909 to 1914, held ideas different from Freud’s and Adler’s that eventually led to personal differences between them, particularly with Freud; their followers have continued these differences. One of the point of disagreement is Jung’s opinion that Freud’s concept of the libido is too concerned with sexuality and that Adler’s will to power is also too simplisticRead MoreEssay on Sigmund Freud714 Words   |  3 Pagesinvented new techniques and for understanding human behavior, his efforts resulted in one of the most comprehensive theories of psychology developed. Freud was born May 6, 1856 in Freiberg in Moravia (what is now Czechoslovakia) to his Jewish parents, his father Jacob who was a wool merchant and his mother Amalia Nathansohn. His father Jacob was 20 years older than, Amalia, Freuds mother and Freud had to older brothers from his fathers previous marriage. Sigmund Freud was born Scholomo SigismundRead MoreThe view of the unconscious between Jung and Freud vary in different aspects. These famous600 Words   |  3 Pagesthe years went by their friendship declined due to irreconcilable differences in the theory of psychoanalysis. Jung deemed that Freud was fixated on aggression and sexuality being the motivating dynamic in his theories. He also thought that Freud was excessively negative towards the theory of the unconscious. Eventually, the two parted ways after Jung left the International Psychoanalytic Congress. Freud’s understanding of the unconscious is organized into three echelons: the conscious mindRead MoreDreams Are From The Book Your Soul Is Writing About You1201 Words   |  5 PagesDreams are illustrations from the book your soul is writing about you Marsha Norman The Interpretation of Dreams was published by Sigmund Freud in the year 1900 as a thought provoking compilation of ideas surrounding the cognitive processes of dreaming. Although it has been translated and edited since its original publishing date, it reads as if to hold true to Freudian fashion; addressing levels of consciousness and their effects on how specific dreams are formed. Freud makes a clear and reverentRead MoreDreaming from Various Sources1456 Words   |  6 Pagesresearcher to researcher. As such, this paper will also detail the different theories about the usefulness of dreams. This paper will also take time to explain what a dream is, when dreams happen, and what their potential purposes may be. To start this paper, we first must understand what a dream is. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, a dream is a series of thoughts, images, or emotions occurring during sleep. Dreams take the things we see during our waking hours and translate them intoRead MoreThe Interpretation Of Dreams By Sigmund Freud1344 Words   |  6 PagesSome dream big, some dream small, and sadly some dream not at all The Interpretation of Dreams was published by Sigmund Freud in the year 1900 as a thought provoking compilation of ideas surrounding the cognitive processes of dreaming. Although this book has been translated and edited since its original publishing date, it reads as if to hold true to Freudian fashion; addressing levels of consciousness and their effects on how specific dreams are formed. Freud makes a clear and reverent effort

Project Management Purpose

Question: What is thepurpose of the project management plan ? Answer: Introductions The purpose of the project management plan which has to be developed here is to present a guide for managing a project involving designing and construction of a house. The responsibility of the development of this document lies with the project manager. The primary goal of such a project would be to develop a quality construction of the house within planned schedule and budget. The project management plan provides a detailed explanation of relationships between different components and resources of a project. Project Overview This project is about construction of a house for which the project management plan is prepared for managing the complete cycle of the construction project beginning with procurement of the building materials, construction of the house structure, installation of required furnishing, interior deigning and installation of all equipments in the house. The project makes use of PMBOK guide as a guiding methodology for creating this project management plan (A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, 2000). Scope Statements A project scope statement defines what a project exactly is. This includes what services and what products are developed and how a person can know when specific objectives of the project can be achieved. The scope statements should define project boundaries such that when the project progresses and the scope is widened beyond these boundaries, it can be said that the project is facing variations from the scope. Project scope statements define project objectives, deliverables, milestones, technical requirements of construction and limitations or exclusions (Billows, 2016).PROJECT OBJECTIVE: To construct a high-quality of a house within defined number of months and the expenditure should not be exceeding a budgeted amount. DELIVERABLES: The deliverables include a house whose dimensions can be defined here and this includes the area in square foot, size of bath, bedrooms and the full house. deliverables can include a finished garage. Modular Kitchen including usable appliances like microwave, dishwasher and more Gas furnace with the programmable thermostat.MILESTONES1. Permits approval dates2. Dates when the Foundation would be poured3. Dry in time for various activities like Framing, sheathing, plumbing, electrical, and mechanical inspections4. Final inspection datesTECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS1. Local building codes that the constructed house must meet can e defined2. Energy rating criteria for windows and doors can be defined.3. Factors for meeting wall insulation requirements for Exterior of the house and inside the house such as ceiling and floor can be defined.4. Deliverables may also define what size of garage by defining what size and number of vehicles it can include inside it5. The Structure which is constructed should pass the codes of seismic stability.LIMITS AND EXCLUSIONS1. For design specifications, the original blueprint provided by the client could be used as the basis2. Owners of the project are responsible for landscaping.3. Some electronics like Refrigerator and air conditioner may not be included in the provisioned kitchen appliances.4. A pre-wiring for air conditioning may be included.5. Contractor can contract out some of the services required for construction project to sub-contractors but contractor would be considered responsible for the work done by the sub-contractor.6. deliverables may also include the working time and working days for construction workers Goals and Objectives This section of a project management plan may first define some primary goals of the project and then the same would further be divided into project objectives. Project goals can be: An urban thoroughfare at the construction site that allows transit of trucks and other vehicles and at the same time, ensures that the pedestrians remain safe while passing by. Create a positive ambience inside the house with the use of good interior designingSpecific Objectives of this project would be: Plan all activities required for completing the construction of the and draft the same n documentation Identify requirements for procurement and develop a plan for that Develop a schedule for construction project with specific milestone dates Identify budget and allocated the components to various resources of the project Establish control measures to ensure that the project remains within the constraints of the budget and schedule to make deliveries. Establish risk management plan for managing risks tha t may occur on project and develop a response strategies for known cases Procure materials and services from contractors including contractors for furnishing, transporter and interior designerStakeholders and Key PersonnelA stakeholder mapping may be used here to identify stakeholders, their key characteristics and an understanding of how they would be supporting the project in various ways can be achieved. Stakeholder mapping replaces subjectivity with the objectivity such that assessment process can be made transparent and this transparency would make assessment processes clear to people who would be facilitated to then review the progress using appropriate approach (Duncan, 1996).There are various methods available that can be used for stakeholder mapping such as power to influence classification model, stakeholder expectations recognized against key performance areas and value hierarchies, stakeholder classification as per the threat and cooperation potential and stakeholder sat isfaction assessment. Other techniques available include influence-interest grid, power-impact grid, CLIP analysis, power-interest grid, Power, attitude and interest three dimensional grouping.In either case of the use of method for stakeholder mapping, there would be some common dimensions that can be used to understand stakeholder relationships in the case of house construction project and these include power of the stakeholder which can be low , medium or high, support extended by the stakeholder which can be positive negative or neutral, influence that can range from high to low, interest again ranging from high to low and attitude which can be constructive or destructive.A stakeholder cycle methodology may be used here to identify stakeholders, priorities their needs, visualize, engage them and monitor communication with them through baselines reports.Identify Stakeholders: A list of stakeholders would be prepared and for each of these stakeholders, two aspects of the relations hips between them and the project would be identified. This would include their expectations from the project and their perceptions about project success or failure. Further, stakeholders would be classified on the basis of their direction of the influence on project which could be upward, downward, outward, sideward external or internal. The classification can also be done on the basis of multiple stakeholder orientations considering their rights, interests, ownership, influence, knowledge and contribution. For the house construction project, these stakeholder classifications can be done as follows (Introduction to Project Management: Principles, Techniques and Tools, 2013):Interest The stakeholder would affect the organization by taking decisions related to following work: Closure of the site for the use of space for pedestrians (Stakeholder - Contractor) Safety norms to be used by workers or those passing by the construction site (Stakeholder - Government) Investments on project components (Stakeholder - SponsorRights Specific rights of the stakeholders may be protected such as: Health and safety of Workers and of Public as stakeholders Payment receipts against the contract work done for contractors as stakeholdersOwnership An owner has the legal title to certain asset or property of a project such as the project sponsor who reserves the rights on the construction and the profits.Knowledge This would include specialized knowledge that a stakeholder may have such as contractors who are experts in their specific services like construction, transportation and so on.Influence The stakeholder may be impacted by the project in some way and he or she can also create an impact on the project outcomes. Employees of the organization and occupants of the house would be impacted by the construction project while sponsor and main contractor of the project would influence the project decisions.Contribution Different stakeholders can contribute to the project in different ways. As sponsor contributes to project by supplying funds. An employee contributes to project by using his or her expertise on project execution. Suppliers are responsible for supplying building materials on site for construction and contractors would be contributing to the project by executing that tasks of construction, transportation, designing and so on.Based on this information, stakeholder would be identified for priority settings such that high importance stakeholder is given high priority. A priority list considering all the project would be created.Project OrganizationMonitoring and Control MechanismsThe project can make use of standard mechanisms for monitoring and control of projects such as risk management, operational readiness and requirement tracing. Project control mechanism re used to identify events on a project that are likely to delay the schedule or make the costs go upward of the budget. The control measures identify variations in project schedules and delive rables. If project control is not in place then it can lead to deviations that further can increase expenses or introduce delays.On the house construction project, an original cost estimate can be used to create the project budget which would serve as a financial guide for the project manager and team. Items that are included in the original estimate are based on the estimates for each category but the actual costs incurring on the project can be different and these are called the job costs. Job costs serve as basic unit for establishing control over costs and are recorded in the job cost accounts. These accounts can be divided into multiple work elements that are related to other costs accounts or other activities (Kerzner, 2001). Number of cost accounts vary with types of projects. On a construction project, there could be 7 different divisions of cost accounts. These divisions are further drilled down into numerous subdivisions and even final details. Sub-divisions can be related to personnel, resource costs and materials.Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and ScheduleWork break down structure outlines all the activities required to complete the project at hand. The WBS is prepared using project management software tools like Microsoft Project and the structure includes tasks descriptions durations, resources, project milestones and key incremental deliverables. Communication Management Plan A communication plan for the house construction project may be prepared by seeking answers to following questions: Who requires what kind of information? When is this information required? Who would be responsible for delivering the information? How can this information be delivered to the recipient?There are two inputs that are required for making a communication plan and these include WBS product list and a project charter that identifies what agreements have been established between the sponsor and the project manager for every key element of the project.First, the stakeholders would be identified and then their information requirement would be explored to understand what kind of information has to be delivered to them. after understanding their needs and communication frequency required, the method of communication could be identified.The Communication management plan for the house construction project would use these information to form a communication plan which would contain f ollowing elements: Introduction and background of the project illustrating why project is needed A list of sponsors, project manager, project team members and stakeholder would be presented Methods that would be used for communication would be tabulated along with the details of who, what , when and how Stakeholder Analysis: Internal stakeholders would be identified according to the cost centres and the external stakeholders would be identified by an external organization getting affected by the project. each of these stakeholders would be identified from following perspectives:o Project goals and vision of the stakeholder for the projecto Preferred mode of communication by the stakeholdero Preference of conducting reviews for assessing team performanceo Communication matrix would include details of products to be delivered, who would produce it, how would it be delivered, who would be receiving the product and the date when it would be submittedThis project plan would be prepared f or each of the following components of the project: Project Initiation Document Permits Specifications and estimates Construction (Caltrans, 2007)Risk Management PlanIn this plan various risks that can occur on a house construction project would be included and recoded in a risk register. Risk management planning is done considering triple constraints as the baseline including scope, schedule and cost of the project. Further an organized process would be used for managing risks of the house construction project and these include:Risk Management Planning: All the activities of WBS would be assessed to identify potential risks that can affect either of the three constraints in any way. Activities that would be found posing some risks would be recorded in the risk management plan. Risk Identification: Risks would be identified for the whole life cycle of the project. The uncertainties would be explored for every stage of the project.Risk Assessment: Every risk identified in the previou s step would then be assessed on the basis of its probability of occurrence and the impact on the project. The consequences of risks would be studied both qualitatively and quantitatively.Risk response: risk response strategies would be identified for each risk identified. In response, a project manager could take any of the following approach - Eliminate risk, transfer risk to contractor, avoid risk from happening, mitigate impacts of risks or ignore the risk. Risk management and control: Risk handling strategies are defined in the baseline of the project while residual risks would be recorded in the contingency planReporting and Tracking: Risks would be documented in a risk register and the same would be maintained as a log which would be used for recording and reporting risks at the time of occurrence (SLAC, 2009).Quality Control PlanA quality control plan is used to propose processes that could be used for controlling the quality of all the work products. The plan would include information about organization, quality control reviews, communication methods and quality assurance certification requirementsThe reviews would be conducted to assess the quality of the submitted work requirements on the construction project. This assessment would be done on the basis of compliance of the work with the project requirement, technical accuracy, compatibility with the other documents related to project, and compliance to the previous reviews received.Quality control would be established by project manager who would be distributing responsibility of maintaining and controlling quality to various project team members including designer, area engineer and contractors. The sections that would be reviewed to established control in the construction project include road design selection, environment selection, pavement selection, contracts and specification, value engineering, road safety considerations and so on (DOTD, 2008).